Renaissance Humanism Essay - 816 Words

Many diverse ideas flourished during the European Renaissance which had a lasting impact on the world. Humanism is a worldview and a moral philosophy that considers humans to be of primary importance. The aspect of humanism first thrived in 14th century Italy, and later spread north in the 15th century. Initially humanistic ideas about education were quickly adopted by the Italian upper class. The Italian ideas and attitudes towards life and learning impacted nobility in other parts of Europe. They were able to accept and adapt to this new lifestyle. Humanism during the Renaissance helped to spread ideas about the basic nature of human beings, how people should be educated to become well rounded individuals, and how education impacts an†¦show more content†¦Humanism allowed people to realize that everyone’s mind and thoughts were endless; the only constraint being the imagination. During the Renaissance the aspect of a human’s education was equally important in the creation of well rounded individuals. The philosophy of humanism exerted a new viewpoint on the educational system. The idea that true happiness is the result of eternal salvation was introduced by humanist teachers. The Italian poet Petrarch, delighted in studying the works of Cicero, explained that â€Å"when we come to think or speak of religion, that it, of supreme truth and true happiness, and of eternal salvation, then I am certainly not a Ciceronian†¦ but a Christian† (doc.5). Education was important in the creation of well rounded individuals, but humanists believed that religion is the key to true happiness. In addition to their beliefs about the effects of religion on society, humanists promoted the study of language and literature to develop strong social skills. This ultimately broadened every aspect of Renaissance society. Establishing social skills can reward a person with â€Å"... the personal satisfaction he will take in this, in this way he will never want for pleasant entertainment with t he ladies who are usually fond of such things† (doc.4). Although social transformationShow MoreRelatedRenaissance Humanism : The Renaissance1209 Words   |  5 PagesRenaissance Humanism The renaissance is by its definition a rebirth of the classical methods of the ancients (Dictionary.) Through the study of the text and the artwork that defined this period we are able to see the transition from a dark, apocalyptic world, to a reinvigorated and bright new era which was dominated by titan of artistry such as Donatello. Because Italy was so well situated in a land that was formally the Roman Empire, and its economic links to lands of heavy Greek influence RenaissanceRead MoreHumanism and the Renaissance Arts1289 Words   |  5 PagesWhen discussing the Renaissance; the most intimate area of focus are, art and architecture. Although no one really talks about Renaissance being an obvious era of some of the greatest and most innovative masters of painting, sculptures and builders. Or even that It is also the most influential eras that marked the emergence of a great deal of Scholars, thinkers, writers and philosophers. Regardless the Renaissance (a French word for  "rebirth†) was a much needed time for awakening, from the intellectualRead MoreHumanism and the Renaissance Essay2019 Words   |  9 PagesHumanism and Renaissance Humanism brought MAN to the forefront causing a veritable cultural revolution. Reason and the will to better understand the world fomented progress in the scientific fields. Intellectuals throughout Europe came under the influence of humanism which was disseminated with the invention of the printing press and the guidance of princes. Finally, humanism had a religious impact as well with the protestant reformation and bringing religious pluralismRead MoreHumanism : Renaissance And Renaissance Thought955 Words   |  4 Pages141 Humanism in Renaissance Thought The word ‘Renaissance’ is French for ‘Rebirth’. The Renaissance is a period in European history which signifies the rebirth of classical learning and rediscovery. The best possible way to get a grasp about what the Renaissance was all about is to compare it to a previous age. The middle ages for example, could be defined as a spiritual age. In contrast, the Renaissance was a secular age which was more man-centered rather than God-centered. The Renaissance is saidRead More The Renaissance and Humanism Essay1795 Words   |  8 PagesThe Renaissance and Humanism You may wonder about, The Renaissance and its relationship to another term, humanism which fits into the same time period. If you check the dictionary, you will find that both terms can be used in a broad sense or more specifically. Humanism refers generally to a devotion to the humanities: literary culture. (My definitions come from Websters Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary). According to that definition we should all be humanists. The other general meaningRead MoreHumanism And The Renaissance Period1630 Words   |  7 Pages Humanism was very important to the Renaissance period due to the immense load of information studied, discovered, and learnt. The Renaissance meaning the rebirth of learning and culture. Humanism spread like wildfire throughout the European continent after being sparked in Italy. Italy studied the Romans and the Greeks in great detail. Humanism rose through art and literature as paintings no longer only portrayed God or Godly figures, and studying languages enabled the people to read books thatRead MoreHumanism: Renaissance and Merchant Class1743 Words   |  7 PagesEssay on Humanism The Renaissance is the label we put upon the emergence of a new perspective and set of ideals in Europe. This does not mean that it was sudden, neat and clean. It was gradual, inconsistent, and variable from place to place. The Renaissance had its origins in Italy because a powerful merchant class arose in its cities that replaced the landed aristocracy and clergy as the leaders of society. This new class, along with many aristocrats and clergy, embraced humanistRead More Humanism The Renaissance And M Essay535 Words   |  3 Pages amp;#65279;Humanism nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The introduction of the concept of humanism greatly affected the Renaissance. The Humanistic influence shaped Renaissance art, writing, education and thinkers, its ideas were spread among all aspects of life. Machiavelli’s writings during the Renaissance were also affected by the ideas of humanism. His ideas reflect the thoughts of humanism in the way he thought governments and societies should be organized. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Humanism’sRead More Dr. Faustus Essay: Satirizing Renaissance Humanism748 Words   |  3 PagesSatirizing Renaissance Humanism In Dr. Faustus       In Dr. Faustus, Christopher Marlowe has vividly drawn up the character of an intelligent, learned man tragically seduced by the lure of power greater than he was mortally meant to have. The character of Dr. Faustus is, in conception, an ideal of humanism, but Marlowe has taken him and shown him to be damned nonetheless, thus satirizing the ideals of Renaissance Humanism.    M. H. Abrams A Glossary of Literary Terms defines Renaissance HumanismRead MoreEssay about The Influence of Humanism in the Renaissance835 Words   |  4 PagesThe Influence of Humanism in the Renaissance For centuries, people looked to religion for the answers to their greatest questions. The Church had a firm grip of how people viewed the world. Gods will was to be followed without question and any attempt to explain a phenomenon without Gods involvement was heresy. When the Renaissance began to spread across Europe, the qualities of humanism became more prominent. Scientific and rational analysis was becoming of great interest compared to supernatural

The Globalization Of Poverty And The New World Order Essay

Name of Book: The Globalization of Poverty and the New World Order Name of Author: Michel Chossudovsky Rating: 2.5/5 Summary: The Globalization of Poverty and the New World Order is written by Michel Chossudovsky. This book is his second new edition where the author focus on a New World Order which grow human poverty and the destruction of the environment social also apartheid, encourages ethnic strife, and undermines the rights of women are seen many part of the world. As a result he became a successful writer giving views about a globalization of poverty. He has added ten new chapters in this second edition. The author reviews the causes and consequences of famine in the Third World and the dramatic meltdown of financial markets as well as the demise of state social programs. This book was published by Global Researchers Publishers and published in 2003. This book contains 376 pages and price is USA $27.95 and Canada $34.95. Michel Chossudovsky (born 1946) is a Canadian economist and founder of the Centre for Research on Globalisation (CRG). He is son of Russian Jewish à ©migrà ©, Evgeny Chossudovsky and Irish protestant Rachel Sullivan. Chossudovsky is a professor economic at the Ottawa University. He also worked as a director in the Centre for Research on Globalization (CRG). He has contribution to the EncyclopaediaShow MoreRelatedSummary Of The Globalization Of Poverty And The New World Order1377 Words   |  6 Pages The Globalization of Poverty Page 1 of 9 and the New World Order: Book Review The Globalization of Poverty and The New World Order by Michel Chossudovsky Sydney Pothakos St. #: 8666099 November 8th 2016 Professor Ivaylo Grouev POL1102 The Globalization of Poverty Page 2 of 9 and the New World Order: Book Review Globalization is a vicious cycle that chases itself exponentially as time progresses. Distinguishing between whether or not globalization is a beneficial phenomenon or a destructiveRead MoreGlobalization Is Not A New Concept1414 Words   |  6 Pagesthe world’s society. Why the countries are dependent on one another? Can’t they survive isolated from the rest of the world? The answer is laid upon the term Globalization. The globalization is not a new concept; it even existed even thousands of years ago. However, it became much popular in the nineteenth century most prevalently after the world war when the economies around the world tend to grow and develop outside its geographical region. The technological progress increased the production of computersRead MoreGlobalization and Poverty1498 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization and Poverty Introduction In this essay, I am going to investigate the globalization and poverty in the world. Meanwhile, its impact on global marketing activities will also be addressed. It is an interesting topic to study, as you will know the reason behind by the following quotes: ‘Over the past 20 years, the number of people living on less than $1 a day has fallen by 200 million, after rising steadily for 200 years’ (James Wolfenson, president of World BankRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Social Consciousness Of The Late 20th Century Essay1667 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Globalization is a term that profoundly characterized the social consciousness of the late 20th century, and still continues to shape 21st century social discourse. But what exactly does globalization imply? Unfortunately, despite being referred to almost incessantly, the true meaning of globalization is often obscure (Reich, 1998). However, according to Griswold (2000), the term globalization simply refers to the liberalization of international trade that effectively promotes the integrationRead MoreInternationalization: The Suitable Replacement for Globalization1062 Words   |  5 Pagesw is the economical and commercial exchange between nations. Today, around one-third of trade occurs internationally. For example, online retailer Amazon has an annual revenue greater than the Gross Domestic Product of half of every nation in the world (McIntyre). Meanwhile, gross U.S. assets held by foreigners toward the end of 2006 amounted to $16.3 trillion. The world’s gross average outp ut is reaching astonishing heights. As corporations and businesses continues trade and commerce, a problemRead MoreGlobalization And The Global System1343 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization one of the most controversial and widely recognized term, and is biggest threat to liberty in the 21st century. The consolidation of power and wealth into the hands of a few has absolutely no benefit, except of course to the power hungry CEO s of transnational’s looking to suck the life out of every nation they can exploit. Despite the propaganda from the global elite it s done nothing but destroy the middle class in United States and any other industrialized nation. It will eliminateRead MoreGlobalization, Glt1, Task 1 Essays818 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization Western Governors University Globalization refers to the development of an integrated world economy, exchange of cultural views, thoughts, and products (Wikipedia, 2013). Pologeorgis (2012) states that, essentially globalization began with the exploration and settlement of new lands. Communication and transportation advances have aided in this process. Two non-Western countries that have been impacted by globalization are India and China. India opened itsRead MoreThe Effects of Globalization1678 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Globalization Globalization involves shrinking or reduction of the world as well as an increased consciousness in regards to the world as a whole. Globalization is a term which is used in the description of changes in societies and the economy of the world which results in a dramatic increase in investment, cross border trade s well as cultural exchange. Globalization is dominated by nation states, economies of national and the cultural identities of nations. Globalization creates anRead MoreDoes Globlization More Harm Than Good?1117 Words   |  5 PagesWith the conception of globalization which is just appear and far-reaching all over the world like that, there has not even been the time to think over on the matter; is globalization good or bad for the world? It has been operating more on the terms of – it approach, and it dominated. To understand a concept such as that, the explanation of globalization is essential. Thus, the definition is in order. Globalization is the name for the process of expanding the connectivity and interdependence ofRead MoreGlobalization : A Global Economy Essay1521 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization is the process in which we as humanity are coming together to form a global economy around all sorts of different infrastructures. â€Å"The globalization process implies the incorporation of national economies, cultures, political systems and various identities of capitalist system which require the removal of all hurdles to cross-national interaction and exchange often created earlier by protectionist states† (Aamir, 1). Globalization is the greatest thing to happen to us as humans, we

Evolutionary, Cognitive, And Psychodynamic - 947 Words

Lifespan development is a scientific approach to questions about growth, change, and stability in physical, cognitive, social, and personality characteristics at all ages from conception to death (Feldman, 2014 Seventh Edition). In reading the chapter I found three theories very interesting evolutionary, cognitive, and psychodynamic. The reason I find evolutionary perspective because I feel as though this perspective or theory is the base of study. When we are born we have genetic make-up for two people with two family trees. The blending is sometimes a hard transition. We all have been around child and seen their parents’ characteristics in the child. Evolutionary perspective attributes to the genetic inheritance from our ancestors, contending that genes determine not only traits such as skin and eye color, but certain personality traits and social behaviors (Feldman, 2014 Seventh Edition). We all see and new edition in a family and sit and try and pick out which parent the child looks like. We are a very diverse place. The traits and genetic studies are a constant for new developments and updated current practices. Education on social norms of new populations are a must. As we learned throughout history change is a shock. We need to educate and adapt to the societal new comers. Problems occur in the lag between establishment of new members and educative process which has caused some havoc for community members. With more and more cultural differences and blending thereShow MoreRelatedPerspectives of Psychology1141 Words   |  5 Pagesanalyze behaviors, and other uses a multidimensional approach. Carter Seifert (2013) identified 7 major perspectives that are used to study people’s behavior, and mental processes. These perspectives are the biological, evolutionary, psychodynamic, behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, and the sociocultural perspective. Biological perspective The biological perspective looks at how the environment and physical causes influences behavior. In the biological perspective, neuroscience plays a crucial roleRead MoreFoundations of Psychology Essay763 Words   |  4 Pagesphysics, there are several fragmented perspectives that nonetheless share these characteristics of a paradigm. There are four of these perspectives that inform contemporary psychological thought: the psychodynamic, behaviorist, cognitive, and evolutionary perspectives (Kowalski Westen, 2009). The psychodynamic perspective of psychology stems from the work of the founder of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud, during the late nineteenth century. This perspective contends that behavior demonstrates that behaviorRead MoreThe Question in the Origins of Psychology is What Drives Us and Why722 Words   |  3 Pagesto the fact that it was concerned with internal behavior that can`t be observed or measured Functionalism was formed as a direct reaction from structuralism. Functionalism was greatly influenced by the works of William James and Charles Darwin`s evolutionary theory. Instead of focusing of the elements of consciousness, Functionalism focuses on the purpose of consciousness and its behavior in a more systematic and accurate manner. (Cherry) An American scholar, William James expanded the traditionalRead MoreFoundation of Psychology773 Words   |  4 Pagesthe years there are many schools of thoughts in psychology that has developed, that are in addition to the main eight which are structuralism, functionalism, rationalism, behaviorism, psychoanalysis, humanistic psychology, Gestalt psychology, and Cognitive Psychology. . The first school of thought, structuralism was endorsed by Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Bradford Titchner between 1890-1920 in Germany and the US. This school of thought analyzes the mental processes and broke in down into the most basicRead MoreDiscuss What Makes the Psychodynamic Approach Unique. Refer to Other Approaches in Your Answer. (12 Marks)1115 Words   |  5 PagesDiscuss what makes the psychodynamic approach unique. Refer to other approaches in your answer. (12 marks) In terms of human behaviour, psychology provides alternative perspectives, known as approaches, which give explanation to human behaviours. What makes each approach unique is that they all have their own focal points for how to explain behaviour. For example, the biological approach looks to the evolutionary processes and gene mutations/hormone levels, whilst the cognitive approach looks at howRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Psychology Is Defined As The Scientific Study Of The Human Mind And Behavior1281 Words   |  6 Pageshighly inspired by the evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin, introduced functionalism as another school of thought, which focuses on the purpose of consciousness and one’s behavior. To conclude this, functionalism is no longer a school of thought; however, it may influence the work of other psychologists today on theories and approaches to human behavior. Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist, also known to be the father of psychoanalysis, was the founder of the psychodynamic approach in psychologyRead MoreFoundations of Psychology Paper785 Words   |  4 Pagesneurotransmitters influence how we are motivated, what our emotions are, and how we handle stress or feelings. In this field of psychology it can be considered a combination of basic psychology and neuroscience, (Kowalski amp; Westen,  2009). * Psychodynamic perspective: This perspective was initiated by Sigmund Freud to focus on the dynamic interplay of mental forces (Kowalski amp; Westen,  2009). There are three key premises to this perspective. First, how people think, feel, and wish determinesRead MoreJohn Locke And Locke s Views On Nature Nurture1629 Words   |  7 Pagesascendants. Thanks to Darwin, the natural selection concluded the â€Å"nature† part of the nature-nurture issue also emerged the psychological perspective called evolutionary psychology. Evolutionary psychology is the study of the evolution of the behavior and mind. As of Charles Darwin’s analyzation of that certain species behavior, he would be an evolutionary psychologist. Just because Darwin’s natural selection proposal had been analyzed to animals, it can actually impact to humans too. For an example, let’sRead MoreSleep Deprivation Essay2576 Words   |  11 Pagesissues and traffic accidents. This essay vie ws sleep and sleep deprivation from five different motivational perspectives in order to gain a holistic understanding of the phenomena. From evolutionary, psychodynamic, behaviourist, cognitive, and hierarchy of needs perspectives, it is inferred that the cognitive and behaviourist perspectives uphold the most merit for gaining understanding into sleep and sleep deprivation. However, it is concluded that in order to obtain the greatest comprehensionRead MoreRelationship Between Nature And Nurture1262 Words   |  6 Pagessensitive and easily affected by the environment, and the broken window theory is an example of this (2000). When something as simple as a broken window is present in a community, people suddenly find it acceptable to commit crimes (Gladwell, 2000). Cognitive perspective focuses on how people analyze and store information. The way the brain is naturally formed allows different processes and thoughts to take place. According to a study done by a team at the University of Oxford, the size of the brain determines

Strategic Change Management Change Management Method

Question: Describe about the Strategic Change Management for Change Management Method. Answer: Introduction Change management is a method to change individuals, teams and establishments to an anticipated future state. A proper change management is beneficial only when it needs people throughout an organization to acquire new skills and activities (Gandomaniet al.2013). Nokia from its initial days always ruled the mobile phone manufacturing industry for 14 years Asparaet al. (2013). However, after the introduction of android, Nokia started to lose its grip in the market. Being unwilling to give its throne to Samsung, Apple and other mobile companies, the management decided to enhance its system through organizational change. This study will focus on the process and methods used by Nokia while implementing change in its workplace. Background to change In the third quarter of 2007, according to Asparaet al. (2013), Nokia had a market share of 49 percent. By the third quarter of 2013, it slipped to 4 percent as companies such as Samsung, Sony and Apple took over the smart phone industry. Especially, after the launch of android, because of its user friendly attitude, mobile phone users started to ignore other operating systems including iOS. However, Apple managed to survive this change in customer buying behavior. On the other hand, Nokia failed to attract customers to its products as Nokia started to use Windows platform in their mobile phones(Angelini2014). Windows operating system in smart phones was no appreciated at all and that is why, Nokia lost their customer base to android. In order to deal with this situation, the management of Nokia decided to implement a change in the organizational structure of the organization. Need of change in the organization After the launch of android platform, even Apple started to feel the pressure from its market rivals. That is why; they launched a revolutionary smartphone that was iPhone, in the year of 2007. Having a large capacitive tough screen that allows multi-touch motions; Apple was able to escape the change in the market. At that time, Nokia joined hand with Microsoft which is considered as a blunder made by Nokia(Angelini2014). In spite of surviving the change, Nokia started to lose its existing customer base and market position. That is when; the management of the company decided to bring a change in the organization. Change management strategy involving stakeholders While implementing in the organization, management of Nokia performed several strategic actions. Those actions are hereby mentioned below, Subcontracting Symbian to Accenture: Nokia decided to not to focus on Symbian platform anymore and Elop outsourced its software growth and provision devices to Accenture(Angelini2014). This was also a cost saving strategy from Nokia as after this outsourcing, nearly 3000 employees were transferred to Accenture. VendingQt divisions to Digia: Nokia assimilated a cross-platform application establishment framework named as Qt from Trolltech in the year of 2008. This software used to support manifold desktop and mobile functioning systems. It also helped designers to generate set of codes and run it on numerous platforms with least alterations(Singh2014). When Nokia changed its emphasis towards Windows phone platform that demanded totally unlike application framework known as .NET, then the management decided to sell Qt technologies. In the year of 2012, Qt technologies were sold to Digia, a Finnish solutions company. Vending Vertu to EQT VI: Nokia owned a luxury mobile phone brand named as Vertu which was sold several times pricier that other Nokia phones. This phone had moderate technical specification; however, its style like hardware strategy and the resources that were used to build the phone such as gold and diamond made it a luxury mobile brand (Angelini2014). The management of the organization decided to trade it to a private equity group named EQT VI in order to put more emphasis on the devices targeted at mass marketplaces. Restructuring of sales team: Nokia was experiencing huge losses in consecutive quarters after the launch of android platform. That is why; it decided to focus on Windows phone. As a result, the organization had to go through major restructuring process including large scale layoffs. Their goal was to make the organizational structure simpler than before by getting rid of the long-suffering administrationproblems(Singh2014). As a part of decision, the management of Nokia closed production lines in Finland, sales offices in China and research and developments departments in Germany and Canada. The first Windows smart phone was launched in 2011 which were Lumia 710 and Lumia 800. Initially both these products gained traction and became more popular than Windows phone brand. Besides, product growth lifecycle and go-to market period was hurried up meaningfully. Recommendation In spite of launching new products under the windows platform, Nokia could not survive the change in buying behavior of the customers. Windows platform was attractive but not as user friendly as Android. If Nokia want to make a comeback in order to regain its market position, then they will have to adopt the android technologies. They will have to make mobile phones with android OS in it. There is no question that Nokia has the ability to innovate and give the android a new look. They must understand that Windows platform will not be able to attract customers (Singh 2014). That is why; another huge change must take place in the organization in order to focus on android technology rather than windows. Conclusion In the end, it can be concluded that Nokia did almost everything right while implementing change in their organization. One thing they missed and that became the reason of their downfall. Their decision to tag with Microsoft was a poor decision as windows phones were totally ignored by the customers. Some loyal customers of Nokia tried to adopt but complicated and not so user-friendly attitude of the OS forced them to shift to Samsung or Sony. That is the only reason that Nokia never could regain its market position and brands like Samsung, Sony and Apple took the leading position. 2. Analysis of employees resistance Nokia had formed the partnership with the Linux based platform of Intel Moblin and Memo in order to develop the Meego. However, after the latest joining of new CEO Stephen Elop, suddenly the project got on hold. After passing of little time the project got shelved. He project has been invested with a lot of time and effort from the employees part. His particular strategic movement was never received with proper welcome. This particular change management strategy generated a very crucial disagreement as well as animosity among the workforce of Nokia. The employees were transfixed with the unexpected decision and were highly concerned as this movement can cause them their jobs. In order to protest the management decision around a thousand employees walked out from their office as a sign of protest (Angelini2014). As a Finnish company, Nokia was greatly influenced by the Finnish culture, which immensely hates the uncertainty. In this situation the employees were highly wanted to understand the exact policy of the management so that they can be sure of their position. It has been observed that the CEO of Nokia failed to communicate with the employees with respect to the strategic change. This uncertainty provided an intense sense of risk among the employees, which motivated them to join the protest (Aspara et al. 2013). In addition to that, it has been also identified that the employees did not welcome the appointment of new CEO as he was not Finnish. The appointment of non-Finnish CEO was the first attempt in the Nokias history. The employees faced a greater difficulty due to the cultural differences. Figure 1: Resistance to Change (Source: Angelini 2014) In addition to that, it has been also identified that the sudden transitioning decision brought the implication of wasting of the knowledge. As the employees are already were working of the project of Meego platform they were well expertise in their field, the sudden discard of the project put them a position where they have to start afresh. This particular factor raised the chance of protest in a significant fashion. The CEO of Nokia directly blamed the employees for the downfall of the company (Gandomaniet al.2013). Therefore, he was not inclined toward consulting with them regarding the change decision. This particular aspect also maintained a great role in the development of protest and huge wave of resignation among the employees. Analysis of customers resistance The transitioning decision of Stephen Elop greatly increased the chance of resistance among the target market of Nokia. The customers of the Nokia, who are highly comfortable with the Symbian and Meego platform, did not welcome the rapid transitioning of the organization. The CEO did not focus on the comfort as well as the preference of the regular customer which raised the discontentment among them (Singh 2014). In this situation the customers discarded the brand of the company. The difficulty to use the windows platform caused the instant protest among the target customers. In this context it has been also observed that the network operators also raised their voice against the transitioning decision of Nokia. Their major concern was that as a product of Microsoft, Skype would have the capability to grasp the market position. The international calls with 3g internet connection were getting a very popular among the customers. Therefore, it is evident that the network operators would lose a significant amount of fund against Skype. That is why the network operators did not encouraged the partnership of Nokia and Microsoft. In this situation, Nokia agreed to discard the involvement of network operators which increased the discontent among the network operators (Angelini2014). Figure 2: Nokia, Samsung, Apple Sales per quarter (Source: Gandomani et al.2013) Another reason that has been identified from the extensive analysis of the change management of Nokia is that the software developers also protested the partnership of Nokia and Microsoft. The software developers had a strong work culture among them which encourage them to welcome the freedom of individual with respect to redistribute modify and access all of the software source codes. They held the belief that the modified code must be considered as the open source (Aspara et al. 2013). Being a destroyer of open source initiatives the Microsoft has always been considered as wicked company among the software developers. In this context the unexpected decision of joining with Microsoft earned a greater displeasure for Nokia. Strategies to overcome the challenges First of all I would like to consult with the employees regarding the change decision. I would make active effort to make them accustom with this change. I would reveal the ultimate benefit for them so that they will be encouraged to welcome the change. The proper training as well as motivational factors will eventually be able to any kind of animosity among the employees. As a next step I would like to focus on overcoming the discontent of the customers. I would arrange regular as well as detailed promotional activities so that they are aware of the benefits of new product (Gandomaniet al.2013). I would create a growing likelihood of the latest product so that the customers would be inclined towards the product. As a next step I would like to involve the network operators so that I would benefit from their resources. I would have revealed their potential benefit so that they would agree to join the project. In addition to that, it is evident that without the involvement of software developers this project is highly challenging. Being a new product in the market this crucial risk has the ability to hinder the growth of the company. I would have encouraged the software developers to actively participate in the project as open source (Singh 2014). These particular strategies would have changed the current scenario and provided a most impressive opportunity of success for Nokia. References Angelini, M., 2014. Business model analysis in the fast-evolving mobile phone market: the Nokia case. Aspara, J., Lamberg, J.A., Laukia, A. and Tikkanen, H., 2013. Corporate business model transformation and inter-organizational cognition: the case of Nokia. Long Range Planning, 46(6), pp.459-474. Gandomani, T.J., Zulzalil, H., Ghani, A.A.A. and Sultan, A.B.M., 2013. Towards comprehensive and disciplined change management strategy in agile transformation process. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 6(13), pp.2345-2351. Singh, N.P., 2014. Microsoft Acquired Nokia in Unipolar Operating System Market. Independent Journal of Management Production, 5(3), pp.598-622.